Glossary

A modeling error that occurs when a machine learning model is too simple to capture the underlying patterns in the data. An underfit model performs poorly on both training and test data, indicating in...

Source code for V (Vlang), a statically typed compiled language for easy, fast, and maintainable software. Aims to combine the simplicity of Go with C-level performance.

Source code file for Visual Basic .NET, an object-oriented language on the .NET platform with English-like syntax.

Visual Basic Scripting Edition: a lightweight scripting language by Microsoft for Windows automation and legacy web scripting (ASP Classic).

vCard: a standard format for electronic business cards containing contact information (name, phone, email, address, photo).

An open-source library and format for storing volumetric data (smoke, fire, clouds). Developed by DreamWorks, standard in VFX production.

VirtualBox Disk Image: the native disk image format for Oracle VirtualBox virtual machines.

Video Game Music: a logging format for various video game sound chips (Sega Genesis, Master System, Game Gear). Records exact chip register writes.

Virtual Hard Disk: a disk image format by Microsoft for Hyper-V and Azure virtual machines.

VHSIC Hardware Description Language: an IEEE standard HDL for describing digital and mixed-signal systems used in FPGA and ASIC design.

Hyper-V Virtual Hard Disk v2: the successor to VHD supporting up to 64 TB, improved resilience against power failures, and better performance.

Virtual Local Area Network: a logical grouping of network devices that behave as if they are on the same physical LAN, regardless of their actual location. VLANs segment network traffic for improved s...

Virtual Machine Disk: the disk image format used by VMware virtual machines with snapshot and thin provisioning support.

DVD Video Object: the container format used on DVD-Video discs. It contains MPEG-2 video, audio (AC3, DTS, MPEG, LPCM), subtitles, and navigation data.

An open video codec by Google/On2 Technologies. Used as the video codec in WebM containers, predecessor to VP9.

An open, royalty-free video codec by Google. It offers quality comparable to HEVC and is widely used on YouTube and in WebM containers.

Virtual Private Network: a technology that creates an encrypted tunnel between a user's device and a remote server, masking the user's IP address and securing data in transit. VPNs are used for privac...

Virtual Reality Modeling Language: an early standard for representing 3D interactive vector graphics on the web. Predecessor to X3D.

Visualization Toolkit: a file format for scientific visualization data including structured/unstructured grids, polygonal data, and scalar/vector fields.

Web Video Text Tracks: a W3C standard subtitle format for HTML5 video extending SRT with styling, positioning, and karaoke effects.