Glossary

A web standard that enables encapsulation of DOM subtrees and CSS styles within a component, preventing style leakage and naming collisions. Shadow DOM is a key building block of Web Components and en...

An Esri geospatial vector data format consisting of multiple files (.shp, .shx, .dbf). The most widely used format for GIS data.

A script file for Unix/Linux shell interpreters (bash, zsh, sh). Used for automating system tasks, deployment scripts, and DevOps workflows.

A web application that loads a single HTML page and dynamically updates content as the user interacts, without full page reloads. SPAs use JavaScript frameworks like React, Angular, or Vue.js to handl...

A discipline that applies software engineering principles to IT operations, originally developed at Google. SRE focuses on creating scalable and reliable systems through automation, defining Service L...

An XML file that lists all important pages of a website, providing search engines with a structured map for crawling and indexing. Sitemaps include metadata like last modification date, change frequen...

An XML file that lists all important URLs of a website to help search engines discover and crawl pages. It follows the Sitemaps protocol (sitemaps.org) and is essential for SEO.

The native file format for Sketch, a popular macOS UI/UX design tool for creating interfaces, prototypes, and design systems.

A lightweight template engine for Ruby that reduces HTML syntax to the essential parts, using indentation-based nesting. Even more minimal than HAML.

A URL-friendly version of a string, typically derived from a page title or resource name. Slugs contain only lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens, making URLs readable and SEO-friendly (e.g., "my-b...

Source code for Smalltalk, a pioneering object-oriented language (1972). Influential in the creation of many modern OOP concepts and UI paradigms.

One of the oldest PHP template engines, separating presentation from application logic using {tags}. Still used in legacy PHP applications and platforms like PrestaShop.

A software packaging format by Canonical for Linux, bundling applications with all dependencies in a confined sandbox.

A fast compression/decompression library by Google prioritizing speed over ratio. Used in BigTable, MapReduce, Hadoop, and Cassandra.

The psychological manipulation of people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. Rather than exploiting technical vulnerabilities, social engineering targets human behavior thro...

The native file formats of Dassault Systemes SolidWorks, a leading mechanical CAD software. .sldprt stores individual parts; .sldasm stores assemblies. Widely used in manufacturing, product design, an...

Source code for Solidity, an object-oriented language for implementing smart contracts on Ethereum and other EVM-compatible blockchains.

An open-source platform for continuous code quality inspection that performs automatic reviews with static analysis to detect bugs, code smells, and security vulnerabilities. SonarQube integrates into...

A JSON file mapping minified/compiled code back to its original source. Essential for debugging JavaScript, CSS, and TypeScript in browser DevTools.

The ability of a machine to identify and process human speech into text. Automatic Speech Recognition systems use acoustic and language models to convert audio signals into written words, powering voi...