Glossary

An AI technology that converts written text into natural-sounding spoken audio. Modern TTS systems use deep learning to produce highly realistic voice output with appropriate intonation, rhythm, and e...

Evidence-based knowledge about existing or emerging threats to an organization's assets. Threat intelligence includes information about threat actors, their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs),...

A modern server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Thymeleaf templates are valid HTML that can be previewed in browsers without a server, widely used with Spring Boot.

A database optimized for storing and querying time-stamped data points, such as metrics, events, and measurements. Time-series databases like InfluxDB and TimescaleDB provide efficient compression, fa...

The basic unit of text that language models process. A token can be a word, part of a word (subword), or a single character, depending on the tokenizer. Token counts determine model input limits, outp...

The process of breaking text into smaller units called tokens, which can be words, subwords, or characters. Tokenization is the first step in natural language processing pipelines and determines how t...

An extension of GeoJSON that encodes topology, eliminating redundancy and reducing file sizes by up to 80% compared to GeoJSON.

A modern, cloud-native reverse proxy and load balancer designed for microservices. Traefik automatically discovers services and configures routing rules, supports Let's Encrypt for automatic SSL, and...

A machine learning technique where a model trained on one task is reused as the starting point for a different but related task. Transfer learning significantly reduces training time and data requirem...

A deep learning architecture introduced in the 2017 paper "Attention Is All You Need" that relies on self-attention mechanisms instead of recurrence. Transformers are the foundation of modern LLMs lik...

A hosted continuous integration service that integrates with GitHub repositories. Travis CI automatically builds and tests code changes defined in a .travis.yml file, supporting multiple programming l...

A dead code elimination technique used by JavaScript bundlers to remove unused exports from the final bundle. Tree shaking analyzes ES module import/export statements to determine which code is actual...

A type of malware that disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into installing it. Once activated, a Trojan can give attackers remote access to the infected system, steal data, or insta...

Terse RDF Triple Language: a compact, human-readable syntax for writing RDF data using subject-predicate-object triples.

A modern template engine for PHP created by the Symfony framework. Twig offers a concise syntax, template inheritance, automatic output escaping, and sandboxing for security.

PostScript Type 1 Font: the original Adobe font format for PostScript printers. Officially deprecated by Adobe in 2023 after 30+ years.

A strongly typed programming language that builds on JavaScript by adding static type definitions. Developed by Microsoft, TypeScript compiles to plain JavaScript and helps catch errors at compile tim...

User Datagram Protocol: a connectionless transport protocol that sends datagrams without establishing a connection or guaranteeing delivery. UDP is faster than TCP and is used for real-time applicatio...

Universal Scene Description: a Pixar framework for interchange of 3D scene data. It supports layered composition, variants, and non-destructive editing of complex 3D scenes.

A zero-compression zip archive of a USD scene by Apple and Pixar. The primary format for AR content on Apple platforms.