Glossary: Letter B

Backup File: a generic extension used by many applications to indicate a backup copy of a file.

Batch File: a script file for the Windows command interpreter (cmd.exe). It executes a series of commands sequentially for task automation.

Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format: a bitmap font format for X Window System. Used in terminals and pixel-perfect rendering scenarios.

BEAM bytecode: the compiled format for Erlang and Elixir executed by the BEAM virtual machine. Each .beam file contains one compiled module.

Border Gateway Protocol: the routing protocol that manages how packets are routed across the internet between autonomous systems. BGP is considered the backbone protocol of the internet, determining t...

A raw disc image format where .bin contains the data and .cue describes the track layout. Common for CD-ROM backups and game disc images.

Bitmap Image File: an uncompressed raster graphics format developed by Microsoft. It stores pixel data directly, resulting in large file sizes but no quality loss.

Better Portable Graphics: an image format based on HEVC intra-frame coding offering better compression than JPEG. Created by Fabrice Bellard.

Binary JSON: a binary-encoded serialization of JSON-like documents. It is the primary data format used by MongoDB for storing documents and remote procedure calls.

A free, open-source file compression program using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting algorithm. It provides better compression than gzip but is slower.

A JavaScript compiler that transforms modern JavaScript (ES6+) into backward-compatible versions that can run in older browsers and environments. Babel also supports JSX transformation and TypeScript...

Configuration file for Babel, a JavaScript compiler that transforms modern JS (ES6+) into backward-compatible versions for older browsers.

A hidden method of bypassing normal authentication or security controls to gain access to a system. Backdoors can be intentionally installed by developers for maintenance purposes or maliciously plant...

A fundamental algorithm in neural network training that calculates the gradient of the loss function with respect to each weight by propagating the error backward through the network layers, enabling...

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network path, typically measured in bits per second (bps, Mbps, Gbps). Bandwidth determines the capacity of a network connection and affects how quickly data...

A technique that normalizes the inputs of each layer in a neural network by adjusting and scaling the activations. Batch normalization stabilizes training, allows higher learning rates, and reduces th...

A standardized test or dataset used to evaluate and compare the performance of AI models on specific tasks. Common AI benchmarks include MMLU for knowledge, HumanEval for code generation, and ImageNet...

Systematic errors in AI systems that produce unfair or discriminatory outcomes, often stemming from biased training data, flawed model design, or societal prejudices encoded in the data. Addressing AI...

A reference management format used with LaTeX for storing bibliographic data (authors, titles, journals, dates) in a structured text format.

Laravel's powerful templating engine that provides a clean syntax for working with PHP in views. Blade templates use the .blade.php extension and support template inheritance, components, slots, and d...