Glossary

A security vulnerability where malicious input is crafted to manipulate an AI language model into ignoring its instructions, revealing hidden prompts, or performing unintended actions. Prompt injectio...

Java Properties File: a simple key-value configuration format used in Java applications for internationalization, logging configuration, and application settings.

The serialized binary output of Protocol Buffers. Used in gRPC communication, ML model storage (TensorFlow SavedModel), and high-performance data pipelines.

Google Protocol Buffers: a language-neutral mechanism for serializing structured data. Smaller, faster, and simpler than XML, used extensively in gRPC.

An intermediary server that sits between clients and destination servers, forwarding requests on behalf of the client. Proxy servers provide anonymity, caching, content filtering, access control, and...

A high-performance template engine for Node.js (formerly known as Jade) that uses indentation-based syntax instead of closing tags, compiling to HTML. Popular in Express.js applications.

An Infrastructure as Code platform that allows developers to define cloud infrastructure using general-purpose programming languages (TypeScript, Python, Go, C#) instead of domain-specific languages....

An open-source configuration management tool that uses a declarative language to define system configurations. Puppet automates the provisioning, configuration, and management of servers, ensuring inf...

A strongly-typed functional language that compiles to JavaScript, inspired by Haskell. Used for building reliable web front-ends.

A high-level, general-purpose programming language known for its clear syntax and readability. Python is widely used in web development, data science, machine learning, automation, and scientific comp...

QEMU Copy On Write v2: the native disk image format for QEMU/KVM virtualization supporting snapshots, compression, and encryption.

Quite OK Image Format: a fast, lossless image format with a very simple specification (~300 lines of C). Designed for simplicity and speed over maximum compression.

Quality of Service: a set of technologies and techniques for managing network traffic to ensure reliable performance of critical applications. QoS prioritizes certain types of traffic (e.g., VoIP, vid...

A model optimization technique that reduces the precision of numerical values used in neural network computations, typically from 32-bit floating point to 16-bit, 8-bit, or even 4-bit representations....

A next-generation scientific publishing format by Posit (RStudio) supporting Python, R, Julia, and Observable JS for creating articles, presentations, and websites.

A database engine component that analyzes SQL queries and determines the most efficient execution plan. The query optimizer evaluates factors like available indexes, table statistics, and join strateg...

A programming language and environment designed for statistical computing and data visualization. R provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques and is widely used among statisticia...

A document format combining R code, Markdown text, and output for reproducible statistical analysis reports and presentations.

RealAudio: a proprietary audio format developed by RealNetworks for streaming. It was pioneering in early internet audio streaming but is now largely obsolete.

Retrieval-Augmented Generation: a technique that enhances AI language models by retrieving relevant information from external knowledge sources before generating a response. RAG combines the power of...