Glossary

A set of tools and policies designed to prevent sensitive data from being lost, misused, or accessed by unauthorized users. DLP solutions monitor, detect, and block the transfer of confidential inform...

A centralized repository that stores large volumes of structured data from multiple sources, optimized for analytical queries and reporting. Data warehouses use schemas like star and snowflake to orga...

A database object that enables traversal over the rows of a result set one at a time, rather than fetching all rows at once. Cursors are used for row-by-row processing in stored procedures, and in app...

A situation where two or more database transactions are waiting for each other to release locks, creating a circular dependency that prevents any of them from proceeding. Database engines detect deadl...

A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table at the cost of additional storage space and slower write operations. Indexes are typically implemented using B...

A version-controlled, incremental change to a database schema that can be applied or rolled back. Migrations enable teams to evolve the database structure alongside application code, ensuring consiste...

The process of organizing a relational database to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity. Normalization involves structuring tables according to normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF) to elimi...

The technique of dividing a large database table into smaller, more manageable pieces (partitions) while still treating them as a single logical table. Partitioning strategies include range, list, has...

The process of copying and maintaining database data across multiple servers to ensure consistency, high availability, and disaster recovery. Common strategies include master-slave replication, master...

The formal structure that defines how data is organized in a database, including tables, columns, data types, relationships, constraints, and indexes. A schema serves as a blueprint for the database a...

A horizontal scaling strategy that distributes data across multiple database instances (shards), each holding a subset of the total data. Sharding improves performance and capacity by allowing paralle...

A sequence of one or more database operations treated as a single unit of work. A transaction either completes entirely (commit) or is fully rolled back (rollback) if any operation fails, ensuring dat...

A set of SQL statements that automatically executes in response to specific events on a table, such as INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations. Triggers enforce business rules, maintain audit trails, and...

A virtual table based on the result set of a stored SQL query. Views simplify complex queries, provide a layer of abstraction over underlying tables, and can enforce security by restricting access to...

A cloud-based monitoring and analytics platform that provides full-stack observability for infrastructure, applications, and logs. Datadog unifies metrics, traces, and logs in a single platform with r...

A subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks with multiple layers (deep neural networks) to learn hierarchical representations of data. Deep learning excels at tasks like image re...

Synthetic media created using deep learning techniques, typically involving the replacement of a person's likeness in images or videos with someone else's. Deepfakes raise significant concerns about m...

An open-source storage layer by Databricks adding ACID transactions, schema enforcement, and time travel to Apache Parquet-based data lakes.

A secure runtime for JavaScript and TypeScript created by the original developer of Node.js. Deno features built-in TypeScript support, a permissions-based security model, a standard library, and a mo...

A set of practices, cultural philosophies, and tools that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development lifecycle and provide continuous delivery with...