Glossary

One complete pass through the entire training dataset during model training. Multiple epochs are typically needed for a model to converge, but too many epochs can lead to overfitting. The optimal numb...

A functional programming language designed for building massively concurrent, distributed, and fault-tolerant systems. Originally developed by Ericsson for telecommunications, Erlang powers systems li...

A family of wired networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LANs). Ethernet defines the physical and data link layer standards for wired connections, with speeds ranging from 10 Mb...

AI systems and techniques designed to make their decision-making processes transparent and understandable to humans. XAI aims to provide clear explanations of how and why a model produces its outputs,...

A functional-first programming language on the .NET platform developed by Microsoft. F# supports functional, object-oriented, and imperative programming paradigms and is well-suited for data analysis,...

Flash MP4 Video: an Adobe Flash-compatible video container based on the ISO base media file format, used before the demise of Flash.

Filmbox: a proprietary format by Autodesk for 3D animation, modeling, and game development. It supports geometry, materials, textures, animations, and skeletal rigs.

Firebird Database: the file format for Firebird, an open-source relational database forked from Borland InterBase.

Flexible Image Transport System: the standard file format in astronomy for storing images, spectra, and tabular data. Used by NASA, ESA, and observatories worldwide.

Free Lossless Audio Codec: an open-source lossless audio compression format. It reduces file size by 50-70% without any loss of audio quality, making it popular among audiophiles.

Free Lossless Image Format: an experimental lossless image format claiming better compression than PNG, WebP lossless, and JPEG 2000 lossless.

Flash Video: a container format formerly used to deliver video over the internet via Adobe Flash Player. Largely obsolete since HTML5 video replaced Flash.

File Transfer Protocol: a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and server over a TCP-based network. FTP supports authentication and allows both uploading and download...

A small icon associated with a website, displayed in browser tabs, bookmarks, and address bars. Originally a 16x16 .ico file, modern favicons support PNG, SVG, and multiple sizes for different devices...

The process of selecting, transforming, and creating input variables (features) from raw data to improve machine learning model performance. Feature engineering requires domain knowledge and can signi...

A software development technique that allows teams to enable or disable features in production without deploying new code. Feature flags decouple deployment from release, enabling A/B testing, gradual...

A machine learning approach where a model is trained across multiple decentralized devices or servers holding local data, without exchanging the data itself. Only model updates are shared, preserving...

A Lisp that compiles to Lua, bringing functional programming and macros to the Lua ecosystem while maintaining full Lua interoperability.

A machine learning approach where a model learns to perform a task from only a small number of examples. In the context of LLMs, few-shot learning involves providing a few demonstration examples withi...

Figma Design File: the file format for Figma, a collaborative browser-based UI design tool. Files are stored in the cloud with local .fig export.