Glossary

OpenGL Shading Language: a C-like shading language for writing vertex, fragment, and compute shaders for OpenGL and OpenGL ES.

Script files for GNU Octave, a free open-source alternative to MATLAB for numerical computing. Largely compatible with MATLAB syntax.

The use of Graphics Processing Units for general-purpose computing tasks, particularly matrix operations central to machine learning. GPUs can process thousands of operations in parallel, making them...

GPS Exchange Format: an XML schema for GPS data (waypoints, tracks, routes). Used by fitness trackers, hiking apps, and navigation devices.

GNU Zip: a compression utility and file format based on the DEFLATE algorithm. It is the most common compression format on Unix/Linux systems, often paired with TAR.

A network node that serves as an entry point to another network, often performing protocol translation between incompatible networks. A default gateway is the router that connects a local network to t...

The dependency specification file for Ruby projects using Bundler. It lists required gems (packages) and their version constraints.

A type of artificial intelligence that can create new content such as text, images, music, code, and video by learning patterns from existing data. Models like GPT, DALL-E, and Stable Diffusion are pr...

A framework where two neural networks compete: a generator creates synthetic data, and a discriminator evaluates its authenticity. Through this adversarial process, GANs can produce highly realistic i...

A family of autoregressive language models developed by OpenAI that use transformer architecture to generate human-like text. GPT models are pre-trained on large text corpora using next-token predicti...

A JSON-based format for encoding geographic data structures (points, lines, polygons). Widely used in web mapping with Leaflet, Mapbox, and OpenLayers.

An OGC standard for storing vector and raster geospatial data in a SQLite database. Designed as a modern replacement for Shapefiles.

A TIFF file with embedded geographic metadata (coordinate system, projection). The standard format for satellite imagery and raster GIS data.

A distributed version control system that tracks changes in source code during software development. Git enables multiple developers to collaborate, manage branching and merging, and maintain a comple...

A CI/CD and automation platform integrated directly into GitHub repositories. Workflows are defined in YAML files and triggered by repository events (push, pull request, schedule). It supports reusabl...

A built-in continuous integration and delivery platform within GitLab that allows developers to build, test, and deploy code using pipelines defined in a .gitlab-ci.yml file. It supports auto-scaling...

An operational framework that applies DevOps best practices for infrastructure automation using Git as the single source of truth. Changes to infrastructure and applications are made through Git commi...

A configuration file specifying patterns of files and directories that Git should ignore when tracking changes in a repository.

A type-safe, functional language that compiles to Erlang and JavaScript, combining Rust-like ergonomics with BEAM VM scalability.

An open-source programming language designed at Google for simplicity, efficiency, and reliability. Go excels at building concurrent systems, microservices, and CLI tools with its built-in concurrency...