Glossary

OpenDocument Spreadsheet: an open standard spreadsheet format maintained by OASIS. It is the default format for LibreOffice Calc.

OpenDocument Text: an open standard document format maintained by OASIS. It is the default format for LibreOffice Writer and other open-source office suites.

An open, patent-free lossy audio compression format within the Ogg container. It offers quality comparable to or better than MP3 at similar bitrates.

An open, royalty-free video container format using the Theora video codec within the Ogg container. An early open alternative to proprietary web video formats.

Open Neural Network Exchange: an open format for representing machine learning models, enabling interoperability between PyTorch, TensorFlow, and other frameworks.

Outline Processor Markup Language: an XML format for outlines and hierarchical data. Commonly used to import/export RSS feed subscriptions between readers.

Optimized Row Columnar: a columnar storage format for Hadoop workloads, offering high compression and fast reads for analytical queries in Hive and Spark.

Object-Relational Mapping: a programming technique that converts data between a relational database and object-oriented code, allowing developers to interact with the database using their programming...

OpenStreetMap XML: the native data format for OpenStreetMap, the collaborative open map project. Contains nodes, ways, and relations describing geographic features.

Open Shortest Path First: a link-state routing protocol used within large enterprise networks to find the best path for data packets. OSPF uses Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path and...

OpenType Font: a scalable font format developed jointly by Microsoft and Adobe. It extends TrueType with advanced typographic features, ligatures, and multi-language support.

Open Web Application Security Project: a nonprofit foundation that works to improve the security of software. OWASP is best known for its Top 10 list of the most critical web application security risk...

Open XML Paper Specification: the updated, ECMA-standardized version of XPS for fixed-layout document exchange.

A computer vision task that identifies and locates objects within images or video frames by drawing bounding boxes and assigning class labels. Popular architectures include YOLO, SSD, and Faster R-CNN...

An object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to C. Objective-C was the primary language for macOS and iOS development before Swift and is still found in many legacy Appl...

The ability to measure the internal state of a system by examining its external outputs. Observability is built on three pillars: metrics (quantitative measurements), logs (event records), and traces...

A protocol originally created by Facebook that enables web pages to become rich objects in a social graph. Open Graph meta tags control how URLs are displayed when shared on social media, specifying t...

OpenAPI Specification (formerly Swagger): a standard for describing RESTful APIs enabling automatic documentation, SDK generation, and testing.

An open-source observability framework that provides a unified set of APIs, SDKs, and tools for collecting telemetry data (traces, metrics, logs) from applications. OpenTelemetry is vendor-neutral and...

A technology that converts images of text, such as scanned documents, photos, or PDFs, into machine-readable and editable text. Modern OCR uses deep learning to handle diverse fonts, handwriting, and...