Glossary: Letter S

A search approach that understands the intent and contextual meaning of a query rather than relying solely on keyword matching. Semantic search uses embeddings and vector similarity to find relevant r...

An NLP technique that identifies and extracts subjective information from text, determining whether the expressed opinion is positive, negative, or neutral. Sentiment analysis is widely used in brand...

A technique where web pages are rendered on the server and sent as fully formed HTML to the browser. SSR improves initial load performance, SEO, and accessibility compared to client-side rendering, an...

A cloud execution model where the cloud provider dynamically manages the allocation and provisioning of servers. Developers write functions that are triggered by events, paying only for the compute ti...

A dedicated infrastructure layer for managing service-to-service communication in microservices architectures. A service mesh provides traffic management, security (mTLS), observability, and resilienc...

A JavaScript file that runs in the background, separate from the web page, enabling features like offline caching, push notifications, and background sync. Service workers are a key technology behind...

A web standard that enables encapsulation of DOM subtrees and CSS styles within a component, preventing style leakage and naming collisions. Shadow DOM is a key building block of Web Components and en...

An Esri geospatial vector data format consisting of multiple files (.shp, .shx, .dbf). The most widely used format for GIS data.

A script file for Unix/Linux shell interpreters (bash, zsh, sh). Used for automating system tasks, deployment scripts, and DevOps workflows.

A web application that loads a single HTML page and dynamically updates content as the user interacts, without full page reloads. SPAs use JavaScript frameworks like React, Angular, or Vue.js to handl...

A discipline that applies software engineering principles to IT operations, originally developed at Google. SRE focuses on creating scalable and reliable systems through automation, defining Service L...

An XML file that lists all important pages of a website, providing search engines with a structured map for crawling and indexing. Sitemaps include metadata like last modification date, change frequen...

An XML file that lists all important URLs of a website to help search engines discover and crawl pages. It follows the Sitemaps protocol (sitemaps.org) and is essential for SEO.

The native file format for Sketch, a popular macOS UI/UX design tool for creating interfaces, prototypes, and design systems.

A lightweight template engine for Ruby that reduces HTML syntax to the essential parts, using indentation-based nesting. Even more minimal than HAML.

A URL-friendly version of a string, typically derived from a page title or resource name. Slugs contain only lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens, making URLs readable and SEO-friendly (e.g., "my-b...

Source code for Smalltalk, a pioneering object-oriented language (1972). Influential in the creation of many modern OOP concepts and UI paradigms.

One of the oldest PHP template engines, separating presentation from application logic using {tags}. Still used in legacy PHP applications and platforms like PrestaShop.

A software packaging format by Canonical for Linux, bundling applications with all dependencies in a confined sandbox.

A fast compression/decompression library by Google prioritizing speed over ratio. Used in BigTable, MapReduce, Hadoop, and Cassandra.